MARA Holdings (MARA.US) 2025年第二季度业绩电话会
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会议摘要
The dialogue explores the shift towards full immersion cooling in AI due to increasing heat densities, alongside Bitcoin mining dynamics affected by seasonality and operational efficiency. Speakers discuss concerns over the frothiness in the Bitcoin market, the strategic management of large Bitcoin holdings, and Mara's record-breaking Q2 2025 performance in Bitcoin mining and digital infrastructure, highlighting strategic partnerships and financial achievements.
会议速览

In the second quarter of 2025, Mara Company achieved record performance in terms of revenue, adjusted EBITDA, net profit, hash rate efficiency, and monthly block production. The company continues to invest in infrastructure, including collaborating with Tae Power Solutions and Podo AI to develop a grid-responsive load balancing platform, and constructing a new wind-powered data center in Texas. Mara holds over 50,000 bitcoins, making it the world's second-largest bitcoin holder. The company emphasizes its identity not only as a bitcoin holder, but also as an innovator, builder, and operator, creating long-term value through the management and operation of bitcoin assets. Furthermore, Mara is a leader in the digital energy field, exploring infrastructure designs suitable for hybrid workloads, such as artificial intelligence inference, as well as sovereign edge infrastructure to meet data sovereignty and energy efficiency needs. The company is actively expanding in global markets, including establishing regional headquarters in Saudi Arabia and France to leverage low-cost energy and meet rapidly growing market demands.

At the first investor day event, Bitcoin mining giant Mara showcased its strong financial performance and future strategy. The company announced that in the past year, its Bitcoin holdings increased by over 170%, market value increased by 362% to reach $4.2 billion. Additionally, Mara emphasized that it is not just a Bitcoin mining company, but also a leader in mining, infrastructure, and AI fields through its digital energy strategy. The company's second-quarter revenue reached a record high of $238.5 million, a 64% increase year-on-year. Furthermore, Mara revealed its strategies in Bitcoin asset management, including collaborations with external advisors and utilizing Bitcoin as collateral for lending activities to support operations and increase shareholder value. The company stated that it is dedicated to expanding its global business and further strengthening its leading position in the global Bitcoin market.

The latest developments in the Bitcoin mining industry and High Performance Computing (HPC) sector were discussed, particularly the trend of many Bitcoin mining companies attempting to transition to HPC, while facing risks of intense competition and profit compression. At the same time, the entry of new participants such as Tether and Bitmain is changing the market landscape of the Bitcoin mining industry.

A Bitcoin mining company has expressed its goal of becoming the world's largest Bitcoin miner, while emphasizing unique opportunities in sovereign data and enterprise-level AI fields. They are currently establishing partnerships with sovereign nations, governments, and energy companies, particularly in the Gulf region of Europe, to capitalize on the region's demand for local data storage and AI. This strategy highlights the importance of collaboration between Bitcoin miners and energy companies, as well as providing sovereign data and AI services through government cooperation and operating local data centers to meet the needs of local businesses, thereby driving business growth.

In the discussion, a leader in the Bitcoin mining industry shared their successful experience in collaborating with sovereign nations, particularly with the UAE, in setting up a Bitcoin mining data center. They emphasized the importance of establishing the right partnerships with energy companies. The discussion also touched on how Bitcoin mining companies balance investment needs with asset acquisitions, and the strategies they take when facing competition and market changes, shifting from asset-light to controlling energy assets to achieve long-term success and growth.

The company hinted that most of its 3 gigawatt project pipeline may be located outside of the United States, while reiterating its goal that by 2028, international business will account for approximately 50% of total revenue.

The conversation discussed the latest developments in cooling technology in the Bitcoin mining industry, especially liquid cooling technology. Early liquid cooling technology faced issues such as leaks and high water consumption, but now companies like Bitmain have improved this technology to make it more reliable. The shift towards 2U rack-mounted equipment was mentioned, allowing Bitcoin mining to be mixed with AI in the same data center. Additionally, reasons for choosing immersion cooling technology in certain regions were explored, as well as the potential use of cold plate technology in the future as a transition to address the high heat density demands of AI and Bitcoin mining.

The conversation discussed the performance of Bitcoin mining in the past quarter, emphasizing the volatility and randomness of mining activities. It specifically mentioned the strong performance in May and the decline in June, analyzing seasonal factors such as power limitations due to high temperatures in Texas and maintenance cycles that affect mining efficiency. Overall, although there is a certain degree of luck involved, the impact of power limitations caused by summer heat on mining activities is more significant.

Discussed the market attention and potential risks brought by Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies as part of corporate financial strategies, including the possibility of market bubbles due to investors' excessive enthusiasm for such strategies, as well as potential asset price drops and financial pressures for companies in market reversals. In addition, similarities with the 2017 ICO craze were mentioned, as well as the correlation between Bitcoin prices and macroeconomic factors.

The dialogue discussed the long-term investment strategy of a Bitcoin company for its significant holding of Bitcoin (over 50,000 coins, valued at over $5 billion). The discussion covered possible selling strategies to manage the company's capital costs once the value and volatility of Bitcoin stabilize to be similar to gold. Additionally, active management and profit strategies for the Bitcoin inventory were discussed, as well as whether to adopt hedging strategies and specific operational strategies (such as the Col strategy) to manage Bitcoin assets.

A Bitcoin mining company discussed its strategy for holding and managing Bitcoin as assets on the balance sheet, with the dual goals of seeking capital appreciation and generating cash flow from the assets. They lower costs by self-producing Bitcoin rather than purchasing on the market, and create value from their holdings by implementing investment strategies such as covered call options and trading strategies, to avoid price risk while achieving cash flow. Currently, approximately one third of the company's Bitcoin is managed using this active asset management strategy.

In the early stages of the Bitcoin mining industry, the company is testing and gradually expanding successful strategies, while considering its responsibility to shareholders. The company is considering reducing its reliance on traditional Bitcoin mining by implementing a Bitcoin revenue strategy to achieve business diversification. This strategy is similar to old-fashioned wealth management, using the revenue generated from holding Bitcoin to cover operating costs, thus alleviating pressure on other business areas in order to invest in diversified income strategies. The company is particularly focused on expanding investments in sovereign data and Inference AI businesses, with the aim of utilizing existing Bitcoin assets to open up new sources of income to address the challenge of future Bitcoin reward reductions.

Discussed the synergies between the company's international expansion goals and the mobile strategy to go beyond the core US market, emphasizing their importance in the company's global strategy.

The Mara company has successfully lowered the electricity costs per bitcoin by implementing an asset reset strategy, reaching a lower level within the industry. Additionally, the company has further reduced the marginal costs of bitcoin mining by acquiring a wind farm and utilizing its low-cost intermittent electricity, resulting in a 75% to 85% decrease in operational costs compared to traditional bitcoin mining. Furthermore, as third-party contracts gradually expire, the company has the opportunity to continue reducing costs and diversifying revenue sources. This diversification not only reflects in income, but also in the diversity of electricity sources and methods of bitcoin generation, ultimately bringing long-term benefits to shareholders.

The company significantly reduced the mining cost of bitcoin by shifting towards an asset-heavy strategy and vertical integration model. Currently, the mining cost of each bitcoin is around $50,000, more than 50% cheaper than purchasing on the market. With the gradual exit of third-party mining businesses and the continued use of low-cost energy sources such as wind and natural gas, it is expected that the cost will further decrease. In addition, the company is committed to research and development and business diversification, including investing in the field of artificial intelligence, to achieve diversified sources of income.

Discussed the impact of the "Genius Bill" on the integration of stablecoins with the traditional financial system, especially how it can promote Bitcoin trading and mining by increasing 24/7 liquidity. It was mentioned that the use of stablecoins will allow people to instantly transfer funds to exchanges for trading, no longer being restricted by banking hours, potentially increasing the trading volume and liquidity of Bitcoin. Additionally, it was noted that institutions and investors may increase their investments in Bitcoin as a result, further driving its value and liquidity.
要点回答
Q:What strategic partnerships were announced to support the company's strategy?
A:The company announced strategic partnerships with Tae power solutions backed by Google and podo AI backed by LG, to co-develop grid responsive load balancing platforms that support the next generation of AI infrastructure.
Q:How is the company actively managing its Bitcoin holdings?
A:The company is actively managing its Bitcoin holdings to create long-term value for shareholders. This includes disciplined infrastructure development, scaled operations, focused execution, and making a minority investment in Two Prime, a digital asset management firm.
Q:What is the company's view on the current price of Bitcoin and its impact?
A:The company views the current price of Bitcoin as feeling frothy. While there is persistent demand, there's also an ample supply as long-term holders take profits. The balance between supply and demand is currently managed well, but if buying demand subsided, there could be downward pressure as sellers attempt to lock in gains.
Q:What is the company's strategic focus and how does it plan to capture value?
A:The company's strategic focus is on digital energy, using technology and data to make energy systems more efficient, reliable, and sustainable. It plans to capture value at the intersection of compute and energy, and is exploring ways to design infrastructure for hybrid workloads like AI inference.
Q:What new geographic markets and partnerships are being pursued?
A:The company is working with government officials and major energy partners to extend its reach into global markets. It has been laying the groundwork for a regional headquarters in Saudi Arabia and has established an entity in France as a European headquarters, aiming to partner with energy companies and infrastructure capital providers for low-cost energy.
Q:What is the company's strategy for the future of compute?
A:The company's strategy for the future of compute is to continue investing in areas like energy, geography, latency, and cost, as inference becomes the dominant cost center in AI. It aims to ensure that Mara is well-positioned to meet this demand.
Q:What upcoming event will provide insights into the company's digital energy strategies?
A:The company will host its first ever Investor Day this fall, which will offer a deep dive into its long-term roadmap and how it is activating its digital energy strategies across mining, infrastructure, and AI.
Q:What financial performance achievements were made in Q2?
A:In Q2, the company experienced record financial performance driven by strong execution and an improving Bitcoin price environment. Bitcoin holdings surged by over 170%, the energized hash rate expanded by 82%, and the market value of Bitcoin holdings increased by more than $4.2 billion, or 362%, year on year.
Q:What were the financial highlights for the recent quarter mentioned?
A:The financial highlights for the recent quarter include a 64% increase in revenues to $238.5 million from $145.1 million in the second quarter of the previous year, a $1.2 billion gain on digital assets, and a net income of $808.2 million or $1.84 per diluted share. Additionally, the company's purchased energy cost per Bitcoin was $33,735, which is among the lowest in the sector, and the daily cost per petahash per day improved 24% year over year.
Q:What impact did the increase in the average Bitcoin price have on the company's revenue?
A:The increase in the average Bitcoin price contributed $77 million to the company's revenue, which, combined with the production of 25.9 BTC each day compared to 22.9 BTC in the prior year's quarter, resulted in an additional 300 BTC earned.
Q:What was the net income and loss reported in the recent quarter compared to the same period last year?
A:In the recent quarter, the company reported a net income of $808.2 million or $1.84 per diluted share, compared to a net loss of $199.7 million or 72 cents per diluted share in the second quarter of the previous year.
Q:What is the company's approach to managing and generating returns on its Bitcoin holdings?
A:The company seeks to generate returns on its Bitcoin holdings as the price appreciates. The dedicated Bitcoin asset management team pursues risk-adjusted return opportunities to generate cash flows that support operating expenses. They deploy Bitcoin across a diversified portfolio of investment strategies such as lending, trading, and structured arrangements to unlock incremental value.
Q:How did the SMA agreement with 2 Prime contribute to the company's Bitcoin holdings and revenues?
A:The SMA agreement with 2 Prime allowed the company to actively manage 2004 Bitcoin, which was an increase from the initial 500 Bitcoin transferred in mid-May 2025. This generated an additional 4 Bitcoin and $4 million in a short period. The company has managed the SMA to generate returns while limiting risk and maintaining liquidity with short-term notice following an initial one-year lockup.
Q:What was the purpose of the $950 million 0% convertible senior notes offering?
A:The purpose of the $950 million 0% convertible senior notes offering was to significantly bolster the company's balance sheet, providing additional liquidity for strategic actions like acquiring more Bitcoin, funding M&A, or repaying debt. It is not intended to fund day-to-day operations and allows the company to act strategically based on market conditions to maximize long-term shareholder value.
Q:How does the company's business model differ from other BTC Treasury companies?
A:The company's business model differs from other BTC Treasury companies in that its core business is Bitcoin mining and large-scale data center operations. It holds the second largest Bitcoin reserve among public companies and treats Bitcoin as a productive, risk-managed asset to enhance balance sheet strength and fund operations, as opposed to holding Bitcoin passively.
Q:What are the company's financial and operational status as of June 30, 2025?
A:As of June 30, 2025, the company held over $5 billion in liquid assets and approximately $1 billion raised since a previous date, which gives it flexibility to fund domestic growth and pursue international expansion. It also has a disciplined asset management strategy that strengthens the balance sheet and helps fund operations, and is on track to reach its 75x hash rate by the end of the year.
Q:What energy infrastructure projects is the company working on?
A:The company is executing on a pipeline of energy infrastructure projects both in the U.S. and internationally. These investments are expected to expand capabilities while keeping costs low.
Q:What is the current thinking around Bitcoin mining and high-performance computing (HPC)?
A:There is a shift in the marketplace with companies that were previously in the mid-tier of Bitcoin mining transitioning to HPC. Many have secured contracts with hyperscalers and are trying to attract enterprise customers directly. However, the transition to HPC is seen as being price competitive in the long term with margins possibly compressing because most bitcoin miners are simply providing power. New entrants like Tether and Bitmain are also entering the market, increasing competition.
Q:What are the areas of focus for the company in terms of business growth?
A:The company is focusing on being a Bitcoin miner while also developing relationships with sovereigns, governments, and energy companies in regions with significant investment potential for growth, including businesses around sovereign data and AI.
Q:Why is partnering with energy companies crucial for Bitcoin miners?
A:Partnering with energy companies is crucial because, as stated by the speaker four years ago, Bitcoin miners either need to own their energy generation or partner with energy companies. This is especially important in regions with top-down driven, government-owned or government-run energy companies, where there is a big demand for sovereign data and AI to keep data within the country's borders.
Q:What type of partnerships has the company established for success in Bitcoin mining?
A:The company has established successful partnerships, as seen in the UAE, where they operate one of the leading immersion Bitcoin mining data centers. These partnerships have taught them the right type of partnership structures and how to operate within sovereign territories.
Q:What strategic changes has the company made in acquiring power assets?
A:The company has made a conscious decision to focus on growing with the right types of assets rather than just growing at any price, due to the competitive market for power assets and the need to manage growth in a market with stable hash rate and potentially constrained capital or compute capacity.
Q:What is the composition of the 3 GW pipeline in terms of location?
A:The composition of the 3 GW pipeline in terms of location is undisclosed; however, the company aims for about 50% of its revenue to come from international markets by 2028, indicating that a significant portion of the pipeline could be outside the United States.
Q:How is hydro cooling evolving in Bitcoin mining?
A:Early generations of hydro cooling faced challenges such as leaks, high water consumption, and operational issues. However, companies like Bitmain have reportedly figured out more effective ways to implement hydro cooling, leading to devices that are 2 U rack-mounted and can be used for both Bitcoin mining and AI, aligning with the view that the future involves a mix of AI and Bitcoin mining in the same data centers.
Q:What technology has been chosen for AI systems in UAE and what potential development is anticipated in the future?
A:Immersion technology was chosen in UAE due to the lack of reliability of hydro in those regions. However, it is anticipated that the market will evolve to the extent that full immersion will be necessary for handling the heat densities of the next couple of generations of AI systems.
Q:What factors could impact the numbers in Bitcoin mining operations?
A:Structural uptime or downtime, curtailment, maintenance cycles, and seasonality can impact Bitcoin mining operations. For instance, warmer months in Texas can lead to curtailment, and May saw an exceptional month due to positive randomness. The summer months generally require a greater percentage of curtailment.
Q:What are the challenges and potential impacts of many companies entering the Bitcoin Treasury strategy?
A:The entry of numerous companies into Bitcoin Treasury strategies is likened to Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) of 2017. The strategy has been successful in creating a space, but with many companies raising funds, any advantage may start disappearing. A concern is that many are using other people's money and if Bitcoin's value declines, they may be challenged to sell stock, which could negatively impact the price of Bitcoin.
Q:What are the potential consequences for Bitcoin Treasury companies when their market value (MNV) declines?
A:When the Market Value Navigation (MNV) of Bitcoin Treasury companies declines, they may have to sell their Bitcoin holdings to protect investors' money. Many companies could fail, leading to a negative impact on the price of Bitcoin. Historical whale selling behavior and the current peak in Bitcoin prices suggest that demand may waver eventually.
Q:How does the current market situation in Bitcoin compare to traditional risk assets?
A:While Bitcoin follows M2 and has liquidity, it also correlates inversely to the dollar and is quite correlated with the equity markets. If there is a deterioration in the economy, equity markets, and an improvement in the dollar, Bitcoin could see a drop in value, possibly by 20% or 30%, acting as a risk asset.
Q:What is the Mero stack and how is it being managed in terms of growth and potential sales?
A:The Mero stack has grown significantly to over 50,000 coins and $5 billion, and it's not primarily focused on growth but is considered a longer-term investment. While there is no specific plan to sell Bitcoin indefinitely, there could be a point where the appreciation and volatility of Bitcoin make it more like gold, and the cost of holding Bitcoin becomes too high. In such cases, selling Bitcoin from production to fund operating expenses may become advisable.
Q:What is the strategy for actively managing the Bitcoin treasury and yield strategies?
A:The strategy involves not only capital appreciation from a long-term perspective as a Treasury asset but also creating a yield and earning cash flows from the Bitcoin held on the company's balance sheet.
Q:What percentage of the Bitcoin stack is currently activated in the active asset management strategy, and what does this include?
A:Approximately one-third of their Bitcoin stack is activated in the active Bitcoin asset management strategy, which includes various trading strategies such as covered calls to generate cash flows, rather than traditional hedging.
Q:What are the current plans for further diversifying the business, including the use of Bitcoin?
A:The company plans to continue expanding step by step while focusing on testing different investment strategies and maintaining a financial approach that aligns with the fiduciary responsibility to stockholders. They are concentrating on building their business in areas like sovereign data and inference AI and on international expansion.
Q:Is the Bitcoin Treasury yield strategy a part of the company's diversification efforts beyond Bitcoin mining?
A:Yes, the Bitcoin Treasury yield strategy is a way to generate yield off an asset that the company already holds, which helps in diversifying revenue and减轻对其他业务的压力. This is part of their strategy to invest in growing their business around sovereign data and inference AI.
Q:How has diversification in revenues and cost reduction contributed to the company's profitability?
A:Diversification in revenues and the reduction of costs have helped the company improve its gross margins and profitability. This includes a pivot towards an asset-heavy strategy, buying wind farms for more efficient and cost-effective Bitcoin production, and reducing costs through the expiration of third-party contracts.
Q:What is the percentage of the 75x hash target that has been funded as of this quarter?
A:Almost all of the 75x hash target has been funded, with just 150 million and minor capital left unfunded as of this quarter. There may be additional capital for electron-related expenses to reach the 75x hash target, but the focus is on achieving the disclosed 75x hash goal.
Q:What strategic decision did the company make last year regarding its operations?
A:The company decided to move towards an asset-heavy strategy or a vertically integrated model where they own and operate their own sites, which resulted in acquiring sites at a lower cost compared to the market price and with a lower build multiple.
Q:How does the company's cost per coin compare to the open market?
A:The company's cost per coin, derived from their asset light and asset heavy combination of cost of revenue and cash costs, is around $50,000 per coin, which is still more than 50% cheaper than buying in the open market.
Q:What is the company's expectation for future costs?
A:The company expects these costs to further improve over time as third-party mining operations, which are more expensive than their own and operated mining operations, will expire. They plan to expand using low-cost strategies with wind farms, and oil and gas operations, which will likely reduce their costs further.
Q:How will the signing of the Genius Act affect the company's path to Bitcoin mining?
A:The Genius Act will allow for the integration of stablecoins with the traditional financial system, which could lead to a greater incentive for people to trade Bitcoin 24/7. With stablecoins, there's an opportunity for increased liquidity and potentially more capital allocation to Bitcoin, making it easier for institutions to invest in it.