Zebra Technologies Corporation (ZBRA) Q3 2020 Results - Earnings Call
Zebra Technologies Corporation (NASDAQ:ZBRA) Q3 2020 Earnings Conference Call November 3, 2020 8:30 AM ET
Company Participants
Michael Steele - Vice President of Investor Relations
Anders Gustafsson - Chief Executive Officer
Nathan Winters - Acting Chief Financial Officer
Joachim Heel - Senior Vice President, Global Sales
Conference Call Participants
Tommy Moll - Stephens Inc
Jim Ricchiuti - Needham & Company
Meta Marshall - Morgan Stanley
Richard Eastman - Robert W. Baird
Brian Drab - William Blair & Company
Keith Housum - Northcoast Research Partners
Blake Gendron - Wolfe Research
Andrew Buscaglia - Joh. Berenberg, Gossler
Jeffrey Kessler - Imperial Capital
Operator
Good day, and welcome to the Third Quarter 2020 Zebra Technologies Earnings Conference Call. [Operator Instructions] Please note this event is being recorded.
I would now like to turn the conference over to Mike Steele, Vice President, Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Michael Steele
Good morning and welcome to Zebra's third quarter conference call. This presentation is being simulcast on our website at investors.zebra.com and will be archived there for at least one year. Slide 2 conveys that the forward-looking statements we make today are based on current expectations and assumptions and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially due to factors discussed in our SEC filings. During this call, we will reference non-GAAP financial measures as we describe our business performance. You can find reconciliations at the end of the slide presentation and in today's earnings press release. Throughout this presentation unless otherwise indicated, our references to sales growth are year-over-year on a constant currency basis and exclude results from recently acquired businesses for the 12 months following each acquisition.
This presentation will include prepared remarks from Anders Gustafsson, our Chief Executive Officer, and Nathan Winters, our Acting Chief Financial Officer. Anders will begin with our third quarter results. Then Nathan will provide additional detail on the financials and discuss our fourth quarter outlook. Anders will conclude with progress on advancing our enterprise asset intelligence vision and trends in our end markets. Following the prepared remarks, Joe Heel, our Senior Vice President of Global Sales, will join us as we take your questions.
Now let's flip to slide 4 as I turn the call over to Anders.
Anders Gustafsson
Thank you, Mike. Good morning, everyone. And thank you for joining us. We are honored that our solutions are empowering frontline workers in the battle against COVID-19. I am proud of our employees' resiliency and focus on serving our customers critical needs during these challenging times. Our top priority continues to be protecting the health and well-being of our employees, customers and partners. As businesses continue to progress without reopening plans. In Q3, our results continued to be pressured by the global macro environment. For the quarter, we realized net sales growth of 30 basis points; adjusted EBITDA margin of 20.3%, which contracted by 240 basis points and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share of $3.27, a 5% decrease from the prior year.
As a result of excellent execution by our teams, and a faster than expected recovery in demand; each of these measures exceeded our outlook. Demand from our large strategic customers has been at record levels driven by accelerated trends to digitize and automate workflows. Not surprisingly, the pandemic has disproportionately impacted our smaller customers and certain end markets, which has resulted in a significant shift in business mix. Together with premium shipping costs, this has weighed on gross margin. In light of this pressure, we have continued to diligently manage discretionary costs to preserve profitability and cash flow. Despite the challenging environment, our enterprises customers have been prioritizing spend with Zebra and I would like to highlight some notable Q3 success stories.
We expanded our relationship with a leading e-commerce retailer experiencing significantly increased order volumes. They require trusted technology solutions that enable improved supply chain and order fulfillment execution to empower their labor force. We are deploying our mobile computing, scanning and printing solutions across their growing global footprint. Innovation, quality and value are critical partner attributes cited by this customer. And we are proud that our team is delivering to their high standards.
A hospital system in Denmark has chosen to replace a competitor with our clinical point of care solution. In Q3, they began a multi quarter deployment of our healthcare purposed TC5 series mobile computers and Accessories, which will interface seamlessly with their electronic medical health record system. We have continued to deploy TC7 series mobile computers to USPS Postal Carriers as planned, and are now passing through their peak holiday season, expecting to resume in late Q1 with the goal of completion by mid Q3.
We are proud that we are able to help our customers meet their mission critical needs in an increasingly on demand economy. We continue to view acquisitions as a vector of profitable growth for Zebra and the way to elevate our role as a solutions provider. In early September, we closed on the Reflexis acquisition. In a few minutes, I'll elaborate on how this acquisition is synergistic to our offering.
With that, I will now turn the call over to Nathan to review our Q3 financial results and discuss our Q4 outlook.
Nathan Winters
Thank you, Anders. Let's start with the P&L on slide 6. Net sales increased 30 basis points before the modest net impact of currencies and acquisitions. As Anders mentioned, large order volume was much stronger than the prior year. This was offset by a decline in small and mid-sized business through the channel, which disproportionately impacted printing and data capture. Our enterprise visibility and mobility segment sales increased 4% driven by solid growth in mobile computing and services. Our asset intelligence and tracking segment, including printing and supplies continued to be most impacted by the global recessionary environment, with sales decreasing 7% from the prior year.
This was a notable 18 point sequential improvement from the Q2 decline. We realized solid growth in our managed and professional services in Zebra Retail Solutions. Location solutions declined from last year due to lower project activity during the pandemic. We realized significant sequential improvement in each of our regions from Q2 as we continue to recover from the peak of the pandemic.
In North America, sales increased 6%; mobile computing and data capture returns a solid growth and services continue to perform well. EMEA sales were flat; services and mobile computing were bright spots. We also continue to see strength in Central and Northern Europe.
Sales in our Asia Pacific region declined 13%; China was a bright spot returning to modest growth. Latin America sales declined 20% with all major product and service categories declining. Adjusted gross margin contracted 390 basis points to 43.8% driven primarily by more than three points from unfavorable business mix, and nearly one point from premium freight costs, which was partially offset by improved services margin. Underlying margin trends across the business excluding mix dynamics remain healthy. Adjusted operating expenses declined $17 million from the prior year period, and improved 150 basis points as a percentage of sales.
This improvement was primarily due to discipline cost management and lower compensation expense while preserving our planned investments in the business. Third quarter adjusted EBITDA margin was 20.3%, a 240 basis points decrease from the prior year period driven entirely by lower gross margin. We drove non-GAAP earnings per diluted share of $3.27, a $0.16 or 5% year-over-year decrease.
Turning now to the balance sheet and cash flow highlights on slide 7; we generated $482 million of free cash flow in the first nine months of 2020. This was $106 million higher than the prior year period, primarily due to a lower use of working capital as well as our expanded accounts receivable factoring program. Our balance sheet is strong. From a debt leverage perspective, we ended Q3 at a comfortable 1.8x net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio, 0.5x higher than last quarter due to financing the acquisition of Reflexis.
Now turning to slide 8; we have demonstrated that we can deliver solid results in a challenging economic environment while continuing to invest in our future. Our consistently strong free cash flow generation is driven by our capitalized business model; flexible cost structure diversified end markets, strong execution and disciplined cost management.
Let's now turn to our outlook. We are encouraged by the faster than expected recovery with small and mid sized businesses and are beginning to realize the benefit of pent-up demand from many customers who have paused their spending earlier in the year. Based on these trends and our healthy channel inventory levels, we expect Q4 adjusted net sales to increase between 3% and 7%. This outlook assumes an approximately 150 basis points additive impact from the acquisition of Reflexis and a neutral impact from foreign currency changes. We believe Q4 adjusted EBITDA margin will be between 21% and 22%, which assumes modest operating expense leverage from the prior year.
Gross Margin is expected to be slightly lower than last year, reflecting higher large order mix in a soft but improving macro environment, as well as an offsetting year-on-year impacts of premium freight and tariff expense. Non-GAAP diluted EPS is expected to be in the range of $3.70 to $3.90s.
You can see other modeling assumptions on slide 9. Note that we now expect free cash flow to be at least $650 million for the year, which is higher than 2019.
With that, I will turn the call back to Anders to discuss how Reflexis is synergistic with our enterprise asset intelligent vision, as well as trends in our end markets.
Anders Gustafsson
Thank you, Nathan. Slide 11 highlights how we are building on our foundational capabilities to elevate our value proposition with customers as a solutions provider. Our unmatched access to frontline operational data from a vast install base of products uniquely positions us to solve our customers' complex, challenges at the edge. We are investing in emerging technologies that help our customers better orchestrate their workflows by leveraging in real time data to gain actionable insights. We are excited to have Reflexis on board which further helps Zebra bring our enterprise price asset intelligence vision to life for retailers and other end markets.
Reflexis is a demonstrated leader in intelligent workforce management and task execution. Their platform is utilized by hundreds of retailers around the globe to drive employee productivity and retention, while also improving customer engagement effects. Reflexis is synergistic with our existing suite of solutions as a service as you can see on slide 12; these include SmartCount, which is an innovative self-scan and physical inventory management solution. Our SmartSight robotic solution, which uses automated intelligence to help identify issues on the store shelf in real time. Our Workforce Connect data and voice communication and collaboration application for mobile workers and Zebra Prescriptive Analytics, which provides data driven insights and a prioritized list of prescriptive actions that help maximize efficiency and reduce shrinkage.
Zebra's suite of solutions work in unison with our product portfolio to provide real time contextual tasking. This capability is critical for successfully addressing the inevitable unplanned events that occur throughout the workday. Over the next few quarters, we will continue to invest in the seamless integration of Reflexis' market leading platform with our complimentary software offerings to optimize the experience for frontline workers. We are also investing in our go-to-market efforts to drive accelerated traction with our unmatched suite of solutions. We believe that our enterprise customers will realize a compelling ROI by empowering all of their associates with these solutions.
On slide 13, we provide an update regarding the mixed impact we are currently seeing in the primary vertical markets that we serve. We also highlight the exciting longer-term opportunities in our end markets as customers invest in our technology in an increasingly on demand economy. Trends are improving since our last quarterly update, although it is still a mixed picture depending on the sector. In healthcare, our solutions help hospitals intelligently flex the capacity to serve patients. There was a pause in non critical care during the peak of the pandemic, straining the budgets of health service providers which are changing now that elective procedures are assuming.
Longer term, the need for increased real time visibility into the entire patient journey, and the demand for innovative solutions to provide safe and efficient care continue to make healthcare, a high growth and market opportunity.
Retailers are prioritizing investment in our technology for their complex omni channel fulfillment strategies and related warehouse automation needs. Demand from large retailers is at record levels as e-commerce and buy online initiated transactions have increased dramatically through the pandemic. We have also begun to resume business with many department stores and specialty retailers that have been reopening their doors.
In the transportation logistics space, strong e-commerce growth continues to drive partial volumes and last mile delivery, which is favorable to Zebra. Passenger airlines, rental car providers and other related businesses remained challenged.
The manufacturing sector continues to be most impacted with COVID-19 and global trade tensions. Key segments within process manufacturing, such as food and pharmaceutical companies have held up relatively well continuing to operate through the pandemic. We've seen mixed trends in discrete manufacturing, with those in aviation and discretionary specialty goods particularly challenged. A bright spot is our solid recovery in Chinese manufacturing.
In closing, we are successfully navigating through this challenging environment while we continue to invest in advancing our enterprise asset intelligence vision. This is enabling Zebra to emerge from this crisis in a stronger competitive position. We also believe that our longer-term prospects are strengthening a secular trends to digitize and automate workflows have accelerated.
Now I've had to call back over to Mike.
Michael Steele
Thanks Anders. WE will now open the call to Q&A. We ask that you limit yourself to one question and one follow up so that we can get to as many of you as possible.
Question-and-Answer Session
Operator
[Operator Instructions]
Our first question will come from Tommy Moll with Stephens.
TommyMoll
Good morning, and thanks for taking my questions. Anders, I wanted to start on the Reflexis deal. Could you articulate for us how important integrating software as part of your revenue mix will be going forward? And what are some of the strategic rationales? In other words, what does that allow you to do in terms of increasing stickiness with the customer relationship? What are the other advantages it brings to Zebra and then as a related point, as you do head into more software driven sales, should we think about that market as one that's more competitive and where you've traditionally competed? Or how do you want to frame up the competitive dynamics there? Thank you.
AndersGustafsson
Yes, that's good. I'll start and I'll ask Joe Heel to help out also. Your first just Reflexis is a great company. We are very excited to have as part of our portfolio, part of the Zebra family here now, it's been demonstrated leader intelligent workforce management and task execution for many years. And it's been deployed by hundreds of retailers around the globe to help drive employee productivity and retention. And many, many of those customers are common to Zebra and to also to our Zebra Prescriptive Analytic solution. So when we look at Reflexis and see by Prescriptive Analytics and other software solutions we have; we see them as being very synergistic with our overall solution.
If you think of our framework around sense, analyze and act, I think that's probably the easiest way maybe to show how we think about creating more complete solutions for our customers, but we have had historically a great strength around the sense and summing into analyze part. But being able to sense what's happening in the physical world has been kind of our foundation. But over the last few years, we have expanded our capabilities around the analyze and the act side quite a bit. And both Zebra Prescriptive Analytics and Reflexis are like sample examples of that. And now when we prior to actually the acquisition of Reflexis, we had a number of customers asked us to do more tight integration between Zebra Prescriptive Analytics and Reflexis, they felt that there would be something that would help get more value out of those investments.
Zebra Prescriptive Analytics can then continue to feed actions into Reflexis action engine to help combine all the different actions that the retail might do in a prioritized way. And then we can leverage our other software assets like Workforce Connect to be able to let tied back into our mobile computers. So our store associates can either scan items in the store or enter other data that can be fed into ZPA or into Reflexis, but also then be receiving updates or actions from that so that the effective system can deliver even greater value by being able to do that.
And for Zebra, as a whole, that we with our suite of solutions as a service we can become more strategic to our customers, we can start enabling them to address more complete workflows. And by that we can increase the ROI of our overall solutions, and be a more strategic thought partners, they think about how they develop their business. So we definitely feel that this is a very compelling path for us and very excited about what we can do with this. Joe, you want to add something?
Joachim Heel
Yes, perhaps I'll underline two things that you touched on. One is the fact that we're synergistic, not just on the product level, as Andrew described how we think we can bring together the different product capabilities we have, but certainly also on the go-to-market and sales level, where we have a very strong share in the retail market already. And bringing Reflexis to those retail customers is immediate crosses sell opportunity that we have, we're actually discovering that it also works the other way around, that Reflexis has some customers that they can bring us into and cross sell that way.
And that leads into the strategic opportunity that Anders described, right, which is Reflexis generally has a strong presence in the operation side of retailers. And this now gives us an opportunity to solve their problems strategically. And this perhaps also addresses the second part of your question around do we see this as more competitive space. Certainly there are different competitors in the pure workflow software area. However, none of them have the capability that we have to bring together the sense, analyze, and act as part of the EI vision and to solve the problem holistically.
So we look at this as a space where we can now differentiate ourselves actually, from both the traditional competitors that we had, and the competitors that Reflexis bring with them.
Anders Gustafsson
Just to round out, I'd say I've been on the phone with many of the largest customers of Reflexis over the last month or two. And I'd say that uniformly they are very excited about the combination. They are passionate about their Reflexis solution, but they also see the value that combination with Zebra and the extra resources we can have and how our vision for how we can continue to add value to their operations. So I think so far, it's been a great feedback from the market and from our customers.
TommyMoll
Thank you all. That's all very helpful. As a follow up I wanted to shift to some of the end market commentary you offered, Anders. Specifically within retail and e-comm, it sounds like some of the larger customers have accelerated their plans for the omni channel integration or leaning into their e-commerce platforms. So two related questions; how durable do you see that trend being or maybe you could frame up qualitatively if not quantitatively how far ahead you think your current backlog gives you visibility into maintaining a robust pace of sales?
And then moving to the smaller customers or potential new smaller customers, are you seeing anything, not even in terms of order trends, just interest level that suggests that maybe the playing field here has expanded if you just look around the retail landscape, they're a lot more engaged in omni channel or talking about it at least now than they were a year ago. So I just wonder if maybe there's a TAM aspect to this dynamic as well, where it's shifted in your favor. Thank you.
Anders Gustafsson
Yes, I'll start. And then I'll ask Joe to add a little bit of color to it also, firstly, I think in this environment in our solutions have become even more critical for our customers. We are I'd say uniquely positioned to empower frontline workers across all our vertical end markets. And COVID-19 has been accelerating a number of secular trends around digitization and automation. And it's probably most apparent in retail around e-commerce, around omni channel and buy online pick up at store. Here we've seen particularly around mass merchants, grocers and retailers that they have been the most, the quickest, I guess to pick up on this and that are about two thirds of our business.
But I'd say the largest retailers have been - the mostly been the most aggressive or the earliest to start adopting and investing around in solutions around omni channel and e-commerce. They've seen a great growth in their omni channel, and buy online pick up at store businesses, and they still believe that there's lots of market share, that they can continue to grow and take. So they are continuing to invest heavily in building out their capabilities and scaling their capabilities, compared to where it was, say just six months back.
For smaller retailers, they I'd say generalizing a bit now, they were maybe not quite as quick to invest in omni channel capabilities. It's a big investment and a complicated one at times. But I think the COVID-19 and the changes in customer buying behaviors and the step up in a change in how comfortable consumers are with omni channel and buy online pick up at stores, as an example, has made it I think abundantly clear for smaller retailers to that if they want to compete, they need to build these types of capabilities. So we see the pipeline of business around these larger trends around digitization, automation, and particularly in retail, as quite robust. And we think that this is a trend that will be going on for quite some time. And as Joe, and I'd say, just saying that I think for now we see then the pipelines of these types of opportunities as we look into 2021 as being as robust as we would have expected them to be in prior years at this time. Joe?
Joachim Heel
Yes, I'll add perhaps two thoughts. I do think theirs is a TAM expansion that's going on, but I see it a little differently than you were perhaps suggesting. One big area of TAM it has to do with the fact that in order to enable all of these omni channel capabilities, you need a deep capability in the company more broadly than just at the front where the items are being picked up. And things in particular, that you need to do that I think favor us in this case is number one, you need to enable your associate in your store, because that's where most of the instant omni channel capabilities being created. And that means you need to digitize and give every worker a device in some form. And we're far from that today. So that's TAM expansion. And the second piece is you need to extend that modernization into your supply chain. And we're seeing a lot of activity in terms of digitizing and automating the supply chain. And that's clearly related to this acceleration of e-commerce.
Operator
Our next question comes from Jim Ricchiuti with Needham & Company.
Jim Ricchiuti
Two follow up on that. Some of the last commentaries that you were making just sounds like you're still anticipating a fairly robust environment with your larger customers. So it's not as it potentially, there's some digestion from the investments that they've been making. And then as a relates to the small meeting segment of more - I wasn't sure to what extent you are seeing recovery there. I mean is there the potential over the next one to two quarters that you could have both areas of the business but large accounts and the SMB actually moving in a consistent fashion toward stronger growth?
Anders Gustafsson
Yes, firstly, I think we're seeing a faster than expected improvement in our end markets. And we're cautiously optimistic about the economy - how the economy will recover into 2021. I think here our industry leadership and our investments in our business will also enable us to rebound stronger than our competitors. And to that point, that's why we feel confident to guide for both top and bottom-line growth in Q4. When we looked at our Q3 performance here, our run rate was improving. It's not back to pre-COVID-19 levels, but it is definitely improving and strengthening. And I think that was something we saw globally. And our large deals were obviously very strong in Q3, but we still have a good pipeline into our larger customers and how they're looking to invest in q4 and beyond. Joe, do you want to add anything to this also?
Joachim Heel
Yes, perhaps just two things. If you look at our pipeline, as an indicator, it's as strong as it was on a relative basis a year ago. So we have a strong pipeline that gives us good confidence. And our run rate has been recovering. Maybe we didn't say that clearly enough, but it's clearly a driver of the growth that we've been seeing. And we expect that to continue as well.
Jim Ricchiuti
Got it. And just as a follow up question, this relates more to some reports that we began to see, including one by a large retailer that had been considering deploying in store robots for inventory analysis, and has now pulled back apparently on that initiative, and I know you guys have looked at that market. But I guess my question is, if you looked at the opportunities there, does it appear that it looks like some of the major retailers may opt for simply putting more devices in the hands of store personnel as opposed to maybe looking at some of the in-store automation with robots and things like that?
Anders Gustafsson
Yes, first, I'd say that they - I don't think that our customers see one solution as being able to solve all problems for them. Deploying more devices or putting more devices in the hands of more associates is clearly a trend and something that our customer sees as being able to drive a high ROI and enabling all of them to be connected to their applications and systems and be able to be fully utilized in that respect. With respect to the robot solutions, you mentioned also we believe that there is a good market opportunity for those types of solutions in addition to using handheld computers. We have our SmartSight solution for this. And I think that's progressed very nicely since we announced it in at NRF this year, we've seen an increase in demand and pilots from many customers, and particularly I would say here now in the last few months from grocers.
I think so far, our pilots have proven the technology. And we've been able to prove the ROI around just based on labor savings alone. And the accuracy of our reads has been very strong. And we've, over here is an area where we leveraged our Cortexica acquisition. So we've employed a lot of the computer vision technologies from that into SmartSight and to some of our other solutions to accelerate our ability to extract useful information from digital images. So we see a good healthy pipeline of customers who are interested in piloting the solution with us and we have pilots in North America and Europe at this stage.
Although it's also fair to say that we, COVID-19 has made it harder for us to engage on customer sites, which is making it a little slower to ramp these pilots up, but interest is as high as it was pre COVID, I would say. Joe, any further comments from you?
Joachim Heel
I'd like to add maybe one thing here. Let's remember, what were the retailers trying to solve with this robotics automation solution, what they're trying to solve is the accuracy of inventory in the store. And there are many different capabilities and solutions that solve the inventory accuracy problem in the store. And they're suited differently to different types of store formats, as well as merchandise assortment. And while we do believe that there is a place for the robotic inventory, accuracy improvement, other solutions like RFID, or simply using the data from associates devices like you can do with Zebra Prescriptive Analytics are capable solutions for certain store formats and merchandise assortment.
So the key in our minds will be having the capability to look at all of these different solutions and bring them to a customer. And that's what we're going to be in a position to do, including the robotic automation.
Anders Gustafsson
Yes, I think that's a good point. Just on to emphasize again from going back to the first question we had this is where the breadth of our portfolio enables us to go in and talk to our customers about what is the problem you're trying to solve? And then look at how can we bring our solutions, our technology to bear to best solve the problem they're trying to solve versus coming in and saying, okay, I have a - whatever your problem is my hammer is what's going to solve it. So I think this is a great example of how the breadth of our solution plays to our advantage.
Operator
Our next question will come from Meta Marshall with Morgan Stanley.
Meta Marshall
Great, thanks. Maybe a couple of questions from me; one on the Denmark Healthcare win, just any context, as to - was that your traditional kind of partner ecosystem that brought you into that deal? Was that more healthcare focus partner that brought you in? And then just maybe on the improvement that you're seeing in SMB, are there any particular geographies or particular type of customer that you're seeing more movement from? Thanks.
Anders Gustafsson
Yes. Again, I'll start and then I ask Joe to provide some extra color. And so first on Denmark, the Denmark Healthcare when we had and it is very excited win for us, and I would say almost uniformly, our healthcare partners are uniquely focused on healthcare. It's very rare that we have partners that are strong in say, retail or manufacturing and also in healthcare; those are very different end markets. The solutions are very different; the problems are very different. So it tends to lead to a much more vertically oriented entire value chain foot for us. Then around SMB, we did see improvements in our run rate across all geographies on a sequential basis.
I think that this is something we expect to see - that we'll continue to see as the economy recovers into Q4, we've certainly seen a good progression of the run rate and the SMB business here, as we get into Q4, but also as we look further into 2021. Joe, any more comments from you?
Joachim Heel
Two comments on the healthcare partners; one particular type of partner that is very important for us in the healthcare space, are the electronic medical records companies. We have excellent relationships with them, both from an ISV and resale perspective. And that has been a good source of growth for us in healthcare market. In the SMB segment, the one other one I would call out in particular is China. So in China, we've seen resurgence I think of the, in particular manufacturing customers that are so essential for our printing business, and they've certainly contributed to the return effect.
Operator
Our next question will come from Richard Eastman with Baird.
Richard Eastman
Yes, good morning, and thank you. I think I just wanted to explore the gross margin for a minute here the adjusted gross margin by segments here both segments were down 300 to 400 basis points. Maybe a little bit surprised around AIT, that segment being down. So my question maybe is twofold. I mean first of all around the freight expenses, we were using the term premium freight, is the freight expense up structurally given the realignment around our subcontract manufacturing base? Or is that specifically to the urgency around some of these e-commerce large orders and getting those here? What is that impact?
Anders Gustafsson
Hey, Rich. I'll take this. I want to start by; I think our teams have been executing well what we can control around gross margin. And if you look at the drivers, it's pretty consistent across both of our segments, both from an unfavorable business mix, as well as the premium free cost. And if you look at the, more than three points, and again, test spread between both segments, from both large deal mix, as well as unfavorable business mix. And just to get an example, in Q3, the mix of large deals was actually greater than what we saw in Q2. Another example, which speaks to the to the AIT point, if you look at our printer business, it has a larger proportion within run rate, and exposure to the manufacturing vertical, along with generally higher gross margin.
And then another point on premium freight costs. And to answer your question, really, it's from capacity constraints not so much from the change in our manufacturing footprint. And we're seeing our cost per kilo up 2x to 3x from what we saw pre pandemic, again, just as some of the capacities come offline, with reduction in air travel internationally. And I think what's important, if you look at the underlying gross margin trends, excluding the mix dynamics, they do remain healthy. And as the economy recovers, and our run rate business improves, so will gross margin, which you'll begin to see here in Q4.
Richard Eastman
And AIT has the same, again, large order impact on AIT on the printer side of the business as it does on the MC and scanning.
Anders Gustafsson
When I say it's less reliant on large deals, but it has a higher proportion within the run rate, a higher proportion of run rate business.
Richard Eastman
Okay. And when you look at, let's move out when things normalize, you're around the mix of business between the channel and large orders, and then this kind of this freight, this premium freight starts to dissipate. Are we still kind of at this normalized gross margin level for Zebra, that's let's call it 47% with modest upside, is that still a normalized gross margin here?
Anders Gustafsson
Yes. So as we get past the pandemic, we do expect to get back to pre-pandemic levels for both EBITDA rate and gross margin rate. And like I said the like for like margins remain healthy, we also would expect the vast majority of our OpEx to return as the environment normalizes. We have I'd say some bit of that will be permanent savings that will look to reinvest around the OpEx side. But again, we do get - we do expect to get back to the pre pandemic levels, both in EBITDA and gross margin rate.
Nathan Winters
Maybe I just add one thing to that, we continue to also develop our portfolio. So as you think of our, the software solutions we talked about here earlier; they tend to come with a higher gross margin, certainly. And as they scale, we would expect them to have a very attractive EBITDA margin too.
Richard Eastman
Understood. And just my second my second follow up questions just around the sales and sales channel. Just a quick question, when we look at the fourth quarter revenue guide of plus three, plus seven is the assumption in there that the channel, both North America as well as Europe is up year-over-year. Does that assumption in your guide, revenue guidance for the fourth quarter?
Nathan Winters
So your question was if the channel is expected to be up year-over-year?
Richard Eastman
Channel as in run rate.
Anders Gustafsson
As a run rate, yes, okay. So I'll start here again, and I'll have Joe provide some extra color again. But your first - we are quite pleased to be able to guide for both top and bottom-line growth year-over-year in Q4 here, but the 3% to 7% expectation in growth. And that includes 150 basis points of positive impact from Reflexis. Our first and the large deal activity remain very strong, but the underlying business is recovering faster than expected. And we are also benefiting from some pent-up demand in Q4. As we entered Q4, that we also had a strong backlog that helped us in this area. The higher large order mix that we've seen compared to prior year will continue, but not to the same degree as in Q3. So we do expect the run rate and the channel business to continue to sequentially grow. And Joe, any more color for you?
Joachim Heel
I don't think I have anything to add. You said it.
Operator
Our next question will come from Brian Drab with William Blair.
Brian Drab
Hi, at this point, I have two quick follow up questions to the recent questions that you were just addressing. So I appreciate that gross margin should get back to the pre pandemic levels. I wonder if you can put a finer point on that. Is it something that we could expect in 2021? Or does the large postal service order maybe weigh on that somewhat in the near term? Is that a longer-term expectation? Or is that a 2021 expectation?
Nathan Winters
I think it's a little too early for us to give 2022, detailed 2021 guidance at this stage, but we do expect that our gross margins will continue to sequentially improve along with the economy and along with the improvement in our run rate business.
Brian Drab
Okay, and then, Anders, you just highlighted also that the software business, of course, should be a tailwind for gross margin as that business grows. And with Reflexis it's obviously a bigger piece of business. Can you give us any sense for how - what percentage of revenue now we are at in terms of software? Is it - can you even take it to more or less than 5%? I know, it's not something you really said in the past, but it's becoming a more meaningful piece. And we don't really know how to model the impact on gross margin without some sense for that.
Anders Gustafsson
Obviously, we're very excited about the software business and our software and services business has been growing quite nicely. The software business as a whole, I think, is still in the single digits for us. But it's been growing quite nicely. And we would expect it to be a much bigger part of our business as we go forward.
Operator
Our next question will come from Keith Housum with Northcoast Research.
Keith Housum
Good morning, guys. And thanks for the question. And Nathan, congratulations, and welcome to the call. Hey, guys want to do a dig in a little bit further into the US Postal Service. Anders, I think I heard you say that it deals on a pause until late first quarter. And then we'll look finish up in 3Q next year. So is a plan still to end I guess, late summer? I was just trying to get a little more idea of third quarter. In terms of the pause, are we talking the end of the first quarter, so don't expect much in the first quarter of 2021 from the US Postal Service?
Nathan Winters
Yes, first, the pause that we now have is a planned activity from USPS. This was always their intent to not deploy new devices during Canada peak season. And we know it will start ramping up again in the second half of the first quarter. So it was Q1 will be certainly lower than Q2 and Q3. And we expect that late summer, we will be basically wrapping up. And then we'll continue obviously with other projects and expansions of this project with USPS.
Keith Housum
Great, thanks. And this is my follow up in terms of the Temptime business. Can you just perhaps cover; is there an opportunity with that business to take advantage of perhaps any COVID-19 vaccine that might be out there on the horizon? And in how is that business doing? How's it going play here?
Anders Gustafsson
So you said Temptime?
Keith Housum
Correct.
Anders Gustafsson
So Temptime has been doing very well in Q2 and Q3 based on the traditional vaccines that they covered, all the vaccine vials that we cover there. We are working with the WHO and a number of pharmaceutical companies, logistics companies to ensure that we are well positioned to provide solutions with respect to COVID vaccine when that becomes available. We have received initial orders from people, who are kind of proactively looking to build up the inventory and capabilities for this, but they've been quite small, but we expect that can be a nice addition to the business in 2021.
Operator
Our next question will come from Blake Gendron with Wolfe Research.
Blake Gendron
Yes. Hey, thanks. Good morning. I do want to circle back on the deal size evolution here. I know we've been talking about it this morning. But if you were to quantify the year-over-year impact of deal mix in terms of bps or whatever, that would be super helpful. And then you're on a scale of 1 to 10, 10 being pre pandemic normalized mix versus, 1 being sort of the trough where large deals dominated in the second and third quarter, I would imagine. Where do you expect the fourth quarter to be just because you do anticipate some of the smaller deal size coming back?
And then, as an offshoot to that on working capital, you offset some of the receivables friction with payables and things like that. Are the receivables AR, is that impacted by deal size as well, where we should expect maybe a little bit of friction just given the mix?
Nathan Winters
So to answer your first question around the growth we're seeing in both respect to the large and non large deals. So again, just to clarify, when we say large deals those are greater than a $1 million, in the third quarter, the large deals grew over 35%. And our non large deals were down over 15%. And that's hard to put a 1 through 10 classification, I would say, as we get into Q4 is going to be slightly higher, large order mix than the prior year, but definitely not to the same degree as Q3. And we'd expect that to continue to maybe go back to pre-pandemic levels as we head into 2021 as we see a gradual recovery in the economy.
And your last question around AR factoring; I wouldn't say that we've seen any additional friction relative to deal size, it had a modest impact on our year-to-date cash flow, and we'd expect to see a relatively modest impact on our full year guide.
Nathan Winters
Maybe just one more adds to this and the prior question. So we've had a lot of focus on from investors on USPS and the impacts of USPS have had on our business and US is obviously a large deal. But it was not what drove our Q3 overachievement. USPS came in very much as per our expectations.
Blake Gendron
Understood, I appreciate that additional color. And then a follow up, if I could on the regional growth, you broke it out in the slide deck. Looks like North America, Europe, and Latin America kind of trending actually a little bit better than maybe some other indicators would with the guest. APAC was down pretty heavily maybe more so than other companies have had disclosed at least directionally. So on Asia Pacific is the issue there just - first of all, is it a discrepancy? And then is it due to China versus non-China? Does it help us specific end markets or customers? Is there something going on with the channel inventory levels there, just trying to get a better feel for I guess the weakness in APAC?
Anders Gustafsson
Well, first, more globally, I said what we see globally and also in Asia Pac some of the secular trends that are supporting our business have accelerated as part of COVID. So around omni channel, the digitization and automation, those are all - those are global trends. And in Asia Pac that we have, our business has been driven more by, say, a run rate business rather than large deals. So the run rate business and manufacturing has been large parts of our Asia Pac business than in other areas, and specifically in Q3, I think the COVID-19 drove bigger declines in Southeast Asia and India where good parts of those countries were more or less shut down.
So that was more impactful for Asia Pac. But Asia Pac was up from sequentially from Q2, and China actually returned to growth. And as I said, we have new leadership in China, a new General Manager, who's doing great job there for us. We did also see some relative strength in Australia in Q3.
Operator
Our next question comes from Andrew Buscaglia with Berenberg.
Andrew Buscaglia
Hey, guys, I just wanted to clarify something on the USPS award. So you said you're going to wrap up most of the deal or most of that award by end of Q3. I think the deal was - the award was $570 million in total or up upwards of, I guess what portion of that will be fully wrapped up because I know there's follow on stuff that is comprised within that $570 million.
Anders Gustafsson
I think the contract award was up to a maximum of $570 million. I don't think at this stage we can give, when a breakout and say specifically how large the count, the volume for the USPS will be as part of this contract.
Andrew Buscaglia
Okay. Also, in your Q4 guide, it was a nice guide. And I think about a third of your sale is EMEA which didn't quite rebound it as much as North America and now we're starting to see lockdowns again. So I guess what have you contemplated in that guide? Is it conservative and does that take into account kind of what's going on in Europe?
Anders Gustafsson
So we feel confident in our sales guy for Q4; it reflects the positive momentum we have in the business. We entered the quarter with strong backlog; we had very healthy levels or lower levels of inventory in the channel. So the quarter is actually more front end loaded than normal. So we do see that as giving us great confidence in our guide. But there are obviously still continued pressures from Covid and some uncertainty around this. I'd say though, which specifically to Europe and some of the lockdowns there that I think if you compare this to April, when or end of March when the lockdown started, I think now companies, most of the first - most of the lockdown sort of are intended to be more on the aspect of the social life rather than enterprises and business life.
And I think companies like ourselves, we have learned, I think how to operate much better in this environment. So I would expect that the impact of a lockdown will be less severe now. And thee lockdown would again, I think drive some of the trends that we talked about around omni channel, buy online pickup in store and so forth, which would have some offsetting positive impact for us.
Operator
Our last question today will come from Jeff Kessler with Imperial Capital.
Jeffrey Kessler
Thank you. What - when you talk about providing a full, let's call it recurring revenue, SaaS type of solution, that you're developing going forward. Which vertical markets have been - which vertical markets do you think has been most interested in at least talking about how to get to, a; if you want to call it a full Zebra solution for them at this point?
Anders Gustafsson
I'm not sure if I can say that any vertical has more been excited about this than others. Maybe I can say though, that our - if you look at some of our more recent software acquisitions like Reflexis and Zebra Prescriptive Analytics or Profitect, as it was previously known the primary vertical markets that they address have been retail. So we probably further along in retail than we are in other markets. But I say I would highlight healthcare is certainly an industry or vertical that has a lot of interest in a broader solutions and acquiring them as a service.
Jeffrey Kessler
Okay. And follow up in terms of what types of services and/ or technologies might be add-on to USPS once you've done the first part of the - once you've done the first, finish the first part of the contract, would that be instructive for other areas in which you might be able to expand your total available market?
Anders Gustafsson
Yes, I'm not sure if I want to get ahead of ourselves and talk about what possible business we might win from USPS in the future. USPS is a customer of many of our products already. So printing, scanning and mobile computing services; some software solutions. So I see opportunities for us to engage across a broad suite of solutions. But I don't know that I want to highlight any specific ones for you.
Jeffrey Kessler
Okay. And just quickly, in that line of thinking on new types of technology with regard to your mobile scanners, and with the other technologies that you are employing, have you been taking a look at the increase in other types of identifiers such as BLE or NFC, other types of technologies that may be complimentary to what you're using right now.
Anders Gustafsson
So I guess the broad answer will be yes, we certainly looking at all sorts of data capture type of technologies. Our mobile computers, many of them have NFC already. So we're always looking to see how we can provide the right type of functionality to enable our customers to get the best ROI for those solutions.
Joachim Heel
You might, this is Joe. You might remember that we introduced the proximity monitoring solution that's based on Bluetooth low energy, which is built into our devices and NFC technologies, for example, are used in solutions we have for railway ticketing. So those are all technologies we're already using and we think have more potential in the future.
Operator
This will conclude our question-and-answer session; I would like to turn the conference back over to Gustafsson for any closing remarks.
Anders Gustafsson
Yes, to wrap up, I would just like to thank our employees, customers and partners who are working at the frontlines during this challenging time. Our team is executing well through the pandemic and we are proud of that our technology solutions are helping enterprises navigating through the challenges of COVID-19 as the world recovers. Stay safe everyone.
Operator
The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.
